![]() ![]() ![]() Sand is also used widely as an abrasive and as a filler in plastics, rubber, and paints. Silicate-containing rock such as granite is used directly in structural and decorative applications, and silica sand mixed with gravel and cement produces concrete. Silicate clays are used to produce whiteware ceramics such as porcelain and in the making of ceramic bricks and cement used as building materials. The vast majority of silicon used commercially is never separated out of the materials in which it occurs naturally, which are often processed fairly minimally before use. The name was changed to silicon in 1817, as the -on ending suggested its closer relation to the non-metallic elements boron and carbon, but it wasn’t until 1823 that the Swedish chemist Jons Jacob Berzelius finally succeeded in preparing pure amorphous silicon and as the first to do so was given credit for “discovering” the element. In 1808, Sir Humphry Davy named this hypothetical element “silicium”, combining the Latin silex, meaning stone, with the traditional -ium ending often given to metallic elements. It was first proposed that silica sand was likely the oxide of a previously unknown element by Antoine Lavoisier in 1787. Instead, it occurs mostly as silicon dioxide, more commonly known as sand or quartz, or in silicate minerals, generally in the found in the forms of clay or rock. Silicon is truly ubiquitous, but is almost never found as the free element in nature. American Elements: The Materials Science Company™ | Certified bulk & lab quantity manufacturer of metals, chemicals, nanoparticles & other advanced materials ![]()
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